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The History and Development of the Dollar in the United States

The History and Development of the Dollar in the United States began with the creation of the Federal Reserve Act, which gave the central bank authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes as legal tender. These notes, commonly known as U.S. dollars, were issued after the end of World War I. But many aspects of the American dollar had been in place before the Federal Reserve Act was passed, including its rough proportions, typeface, and intricate borders. Even the color green was used in some early versions of the dollar.

Historical background

The dollar has a long history in the United States. Its name is a shortening of the German word "thaler," which is pronounced "taler" with a long "a". The first coins were minted in 1519 in the town of Joachimsthal, which is today located in the Czech Republic.

The first coins were issued in the colonial period, and they were used to pay for military operations. The second bill, the $2, was introduced nine days before the United States was declared independent. The dollar symbol became official in 1785, and the Office of Comptroller of the Currency, National Currency Bureau, and Bureau of Engraving and Printing were established.

Origins

The origins of the dollar in the United States are a controversial topic. While some believe the dollar sign is "homegrown," others claim that it was imported. Regardless of the origin, the dollar sign is integral to the national character of the United States. Its Irish roots are also widely acknowledged, and Oliver Pollock is often credited with its creation.

Initially, the dollar was a silver coin used in Spanish trade. It was also known as the real de ocho, which means "piece of eight". This new currency was soon accepted in many parts of the world, including Japan. It was also called the "Spanish dollar" in New York, and was a valuable commodity. After the United States acquired independence in 1792, it began circulating its own currency. The US minted its own dollars in 1792, using the Spanish real as a model.

Design

The US dollar has undergone many changes throughout its history. Its design has largely been dictated by practical concerns with counterfeiting. Throughout history, the dollar has been interwoven with American history, being heralded as the root of evil or the savior of individualism.

The back of the dollar bill has two large circles with the word "ONE" in the center. Together, these circles depict the Great Seal of the United States. The right-hand circle contains the President's seal, which is visible whenever he speaks. The lower circle features the letters "MDCCLXXVI" - which stands for 1776.

Status as world's reserve currency

The dollar's status as the world's reserve currency is based on its size and the strength of its financial markets. As such, it is the safest place to store money. The dollar also has the highest redemption rate among currencies, due to the global confidence in the United States' ability to repay its debts.

However, the dollar is not without its detractors. The euro now holds almost 20 percent of global currency reserves. China's yuan and the yen are among the other major currencies that could replace the dollar, but the dollar is still dominant.

Nixon Shock

In the early 1970s, the United States dollar was devalued after the Nixon shock, when President Richard Nixon issued Executive Order 11615. The action froze prices and wages for 90 days, as the President wanted to prevent inflation. He also implemented an import surcharge of 10% to slow down inflation. This policy resulted in the devaluation of the US dollar, but it did not prevent the monetary system from developing.

This shock changed the international economic landscape. Nixon announced that the dollar would no longer be backed by gold, instituted a 90-day wage-price freeze, and imposed a 10% tariff on all imports. This tariff would only be lifted if a new international monetary agreement was signed. The policy changes that followed were drastic, and their consequences were enormous.

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